CogNation

Episode 25: NASA Data Scientist Chris Mattmann

February 22nd, 2020  |  Season 1  |  1 hr 2 mins

ai, dark web, darpa, machine learning, mars, nasa, neuroscience, space exploration

Chris Mattman, Principal Data Scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, talks with us about bridging the gap between lab and data scientists, his work unearthing the dark web with DARPA's Memex program, machine learning in autonomous planetary rovers, and other cool stuff he's been doing.

Episode 24: Childrens' Learning and Play: Guest David Sobel

January 27th, 2020  |  Season 1  |  1 hr 15 mins

causality, child, children, childrens museums, development, learning, mind, museums, parent-child interaction, parenting, philosophy, psychology, scientific research

David Sobel, a developmental psychologist from Brown University, talks to us about the importance of play in learning. He has recently been collaborating with researchers around the country to investigate how children interact with exhibits in childrens' museums. One recent finding we discuss is that parent-child interaction styles can have a strong influence on what children learn.

Episode 23: Flawless Predictions for the 2020s

January 1st, 2020  |  Season 1  |  1 hr 20 mins

ai, autonomous vehicles, bitcoin, farming, lasers, neuroscience, robots, smart highways

The Cognation crew discusses the future. Rolf and Joe share their bold predictions for the upcoming decade, which include such insights as "CRISPR Chips, Made with CRISPR to be Crisper (TM)," Disney Bitcoin, and the Robopocalypse.

Episode 22: The Neuroscience of Free Will: Guest Aaron Schurger

December 12th, 2019  |  Season 1  |  57 mins 12 secs

conscious will, consciousness, free will, libet, neuroscience, philosophy, schurger

Guest Dr. Aaron Schurger talks to us about his research on the meaning of the "readiness potential", which has been referred to as "the brain signature of the will". Although this neural signal was already famous from research in the 1960s, it was Benjamin Libet's infamous experiments in the 1980s that proportedly showed that the readiness potential preceded an act of free will by a few hundred milliseconds. More recently (in press), Dr. Schurger and his colleagues have convincingly demonstrated that the readiness potential is not in fact predictive of an act of free will, but instead comes from a lack of a proper experimental control.

Episode 21: Pain perception and treatment: Guest Mike Trujillo

November 3rd, 2019  |  Season 1  |  1 hr 1 min

brain, hird, karuna labs, mind, pain, pain modulation, pain perception, trujillo, virtual reality

Guest Dr. Michael Trujillo of Karuna Labs talks to us about pain perception and recent research on understanding how pain works.

Episode 20: Improving medical treatment in hearing loss: Guest Erick Gallun

October 21st, 2019  |  Season 1  |  1 hr 4 mins

audiology, audition, brain, cognition, healthcare, hearing, hearing loss, mind, va

Dr. Erick Gallun joins us today to talk about the latest in audiology research, and how it can be applied to help those with a range of hearing problems. His research has focused on rehabilitation with Veteran's Association (VA) patients. Rapid-response medical care and an understanding of how hearing is affected by brain damage are critical areas in need of research. Advances in portable computing have made widespread assessment possible, and Virtual Reality applications show promise for cost-effective and standardized assessment.

Episode 19: Concussions, TBI, and Sports

September 19th, 2019  |  Season 1  |  1 hr 29 secs

brain, cognition, concussion, football, nfl, tbi, traumatic brain injury

Joe and Rolf discuss recent evidence to help understand the relationship between playing high-impact sports and traumatic brain injuries (TBIs).

Episode 18: The Psychology of Religion with David Wulff

August 11th, 2019  |  Season 1  |  54 mins 16 secs

brain, cognition, david wulff, psychology, psychology of religion, religion

David Wulff, author of the comprehensive "Psychology of Religion: Classic and Contemporary", talks with us today about some of the issues that psychologists grapple with in studying religion. How can a researcher take a fair and unbiased approach to a topic so fraught with issues of personal belief and faith? How important is belief anyway -- must one sacrifice the intellect to engage in religious practice? David discusses his recent research; his measure of religious tendencies, called the "Faith Q-Sort", has been used internationally to understand how religion manifests differently across individuals

Episode 17: Stanley Milgram and Obedience to Authority

July 25th, 2019  |  Season 1  |  1 hr 11 mins

asch, authority, brain, cognition, milgram, obedience, social psychology

In the 1960s, the social psychologist Stanley Milgram performed some of the most famous experiments in psychology history, demonstrating that ordinary people could do terrible things in certain circumstances. Joe and Rolf look into the meaning of these experiments from a contemporary view. How are they holding up over 50 years later, and what else have we learned about obedience?

Episode 16: Dopamine with Michael Frank

July 3rd, 2019  |  Season 1  |  1 hr 22 mins

brain, brown university, cognition, dopamine, genetics, michael frank, motivation, neuroscience

Dr. Michael Frank of Brown University talks to us about dopamine -- how it works in the brain, what his research has done to elucidate the function of dopamine circuits, and some of the genetics behind it. A really fascinating dive into a great topic.

Episode 15: Speech Synthesis From Neural Signals

June 17th, 2019  |  Season 1  |  47 mins 13 secs

brain, cognition, language, mind, speech, speech synthesis

Joe and Rolf discuss recent research finding that recordings from the brain can be used to reconstruct the speech that is being thought about. Getting into the prospects of mind-reading and other futuristic possibilities, they discuss some of the limitations of research in the area and what makes progress so difficult.

Source material: Speech Synthesis from Neural Decoding of Spoken Sentences by G. Anumanchipalli et al. (2019)
YouTube video of the model

Episode 14: Color, Concepts, and Design: Guest Karen Schloss

June 4th, 2019  |  Season 1  |  1 hr 4 mins

brain, cognition, color, concepts, design, neuroscience, psychology, recycling

Our guest is Karen Schloss, who studies the way in which color is imbued with meaning through a lifetime of associations with objects (like bananas and fire trucks) and concepts (like love and politics). We discuss her research, including topics such as:

1. What color should recycling bins be?
2. A tool that can help designers use color-concept associations in their work
3. The "blueberry problem" (why is is that blueberries aren't very blue?)
4. How to market a blue banana
5. What color heaven and hell should be

Episode 13: Blue Light and Sleep

May 20th, 2019  |  Season 1  |  49 mins 34 secs

blue light, brain, eeg, melatonin, photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, sleep

We examine a paper that finds sleep disruption from using tablet computers (as compared to reading a book in dim light). How much should we be worried about the effects of screens on a good night's sleep?

Papers:
"Evening use of light-emitting eReaders...."
"Melanopsin: photoreceptors, physiology and potential"

There's good reason to believe that blue light is the main culprit -- recently discovered receptors in the eye that respond to blue light directly connect to brain areas implicated in sleep regulation. We lay out the case....

Episode 12: The Future of Medical Education: Guest Brent Stansfield

May 4th, 2019  |  Season 1  |  56 mins 26 secs

brain, brent stansfield, cognition, education, future, health care, medical school, medicine

Joe and Rolf talk with Brent Stansfield, who is currently the director of medical education at Wayne State University, about the future of health care and the kinds of value that doctors can provide as artificial intelligence and robotic surgery come of age.

We frame the discussion around the article "Medical Education Must Move From the Information Age to the Age of Artificial Intelligence" by Steven Wartman & Donald Combs.

Episode 11: Intelligence

April 23rd, 2019  |  Season 1  |  1 hr 11 mins

brain, cognition, history, intelligence, thinking

We talk about the history of research on intelligence. Is intelligence a real thing? What does it actually refer to, and can it be measured? Joe and Rolf discuss.

Episode 10: Augmenting the Brain

April 11th, 2019  |  Season 1  |  1 hr 4 mins

bci, brain, brain augmentation, brain enhancement, cognition, eeg, hippocampus, mind, perception, tdcs

Rolf and Joe discuss recent developments in brain augmentation technology, including transferring memory in rats, applying electrical stimulation, cognitive training, and others.